In England, Wales and Northern Ireland the General Certificate of Secondary Education General Certificate of Education Advanced (GCE (GCSE) is the main...

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Smutek to uczucie, jak gdyby się tonęło, jak gdyby grzebano cię w ziemi.
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Smutek to uczucie, jak gdyby się tonęło, jak gdyby grzebano cię w ziemi.

GCSEs are generally taken at age 16 and
years of full-time study. The Advanced Subsidiary
are graded A* to G. In Scotland students study for
(AS) qualification is equivalent to 50 per cent of
the Scottish Certificate of Education
an A level and is designed to encourage the take-
108
Social and cultural affairs
10 Education and training
The Welsh Baccalaureate qualification
Figure 10.9
Figur
Achievement at GCE
e 10.9
A level1
Achievement at GCE A
Wales is piloting a new broader post-16
or equivalent,
level1
UK
or equivalent, UK
qualification, the Welsh Baccalaureate. The pilot
Per cent
project will incorporate existing qualifications and
50
will have a common core curriculum, including Key
Skills, Wales, Europe and the World (including a
2
40
Females - two or more A levels
language module), Work-related Education and
Personal and Social Education. The development of
30
the qualification and the pilot project is managed by
2
Males - two or more A levels
the Welsh Joint Education Committee. There are 19
pilot centres (schools and further education
20
colleges), with the first students due to start in
September 2003.
10
Females - one A level3
Males - one A level3
0
1995/96
1997/98
1999/2000
2000/01
up of more subjects. The GCE A and AS levels are
1 As a percentage of those aged 18 (17 in Scotland). Two
AS levels count as one A level pass. Includes pupils from
graded A to E.
schools and further education colleges.
2 Or three or more highers.
In Scotland, National Qualifications courses were
3 Or one or two highers. Includes those with 1.5 A levels.
Source: Department for Education and Skills, National
phased in from 1999/2000. NQs consist of five
Assembly for Wales, Scottish Executive and Northern
main levels of award: Access (subdivided into
Ireland Department of Education
three levels); Intermediate 1; Intermediate 2;
Higher; and Advanced Higher. These courses are
New proposals for 14 to 19 year olds in
mainly studied as post-16 qualifications though,
England
under arrangements for curricular flexibility, some
The Government published a Green Paper in
students may study NQs in addition to, or in place
February 2002. Proposals include: a wide range of
of, Standard Grades.
high-quality vocational and academic options in
school, college and the workplace; reform of the
GCE A/AS levels and GCSEs (or NQs in Scotland)
14–16 curriculum; more use of both accelerated and
can also be taken in a school sixth form or in
slower paced learning; and more collaborative work
further education institutions.
between schools, colleges, training providers and
employers. The Green Paper also suggests an award
In 2000/01, 36 per cent of young people in schools
to recognise the breadth and depth of student
and further education in the United Kingdom
achievement by the age of 19.
achieved two or more GCE A levels or equivalent,
compared with 30 per cent in 1995/96 (see Figure
10.9). Female pupils obtained better results than
are responsible for ensuring that the curriculum
males. By contrast in 1965/66, 9 per cent of female
and qualifications are of high quality, coherent
and 13 per cent of male school leavers had at least
and flexible. NQs in Scotland are managed by the
two GCE A levels or equivalent.
Scottish Qualifications Authority (SQA).
All GCSE, GCE and other qualifications offered to
All secondary schools in England and Wales, and
pupils in state schools must be approved by the
primary and secondary schools in Northern
appropriate minister. Specifications and
Ireland, provide leavers with a Record of
assessment procedures must comply with national
Achievement setting out their attainments,
guidelines and be accredited by the Qualifications
including public examinations and National
and Curriculum Authority (QCA) in England, by
Curriculum assessment results. The Record is not
its Welsh counterpart, Qualifications, Curriculum
compulsory in Scotland.
and Assessment Authority for Wales/Awdurdod
Cymwysterau, Cwricwlwm ac Asesu Cymru
Careers
(ACCAC), or the Northern Ireland Council for
Curriculum, Examinations and Assessment
All young people in full-time education are entitled
(CCEA). These independent government agencies
to career information, advice and guidance.
109
Social and cultural affairs
10 Education and training
In England the Connexions Service is the support
Table 10.10 Students1 in further and
service for 13 to 19 year olds. It provides
higher education, by type of course
integrated advice, guidance and access to personal
and sex, UK
development opportunities and aims to help
young people make a smooth transition to
Thousands